Autism is not a disease it is a difference
Autism is not a disease it is a difference
Emphasizing the neurodevelopmental nature of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a faculty member of the Department of Psychology at the University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences stated: Rather than being a disease, autism is a difference in the way the brain develops and processes information, accompanied by challenges in social interaction and behavioral patterns. It requires proper understanding, timely diagnosis, and evidence-based specialized interventions.
According to a report by Web Day University's correspondent, Dr. Neda Alibeygi, a faculty member of the Department of Psychology at the University of Rehabilitation Sciences and Social Health, explained the clinical characteristics and modern therapeutic approaches to autism spectrum disorder in an interview.
In defining the disorder, she stated: autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition that manifests in early childhood, characterized by two primary components: 'persistent deficits in social communication and interaction' and the 'presence of restricted, repetitive, and inflexible patterns of behavior, interests, or activities.' The term 'spectrum' refers to the broad diversity in the severity of symptoms and the linguistic and cognitive abilities of individuals, which underscores the necessity of providing individualized treatment programs.
Clinical Signs and the Importance of Early Diagnosis
Referring to the clinical manifestations of this disorder, Dr. Alibeygi added: Deficits in joint attention, difficulty understanding non-verbal cues, speech delays, repetitive use of words, and sensory processing differences are among the signs considered during professional assessments. Identifying these signs during early developmental stages is the 'golden opportunity' for effective intervention.
Autism: The Result of Genetic and Environmental Interactions
Regarding the causes of autism, the faculty member emphasized: Autism is the result of a complex interaction between genetic and bio-environmental factors. It is important to emphasize that the scientific approach does not attribute autism to a single cause, nor is there a direct and proven link between it and consanguineous marriage alone. This disorder is multifaceted, and research continues to focus on more precisely identifying its biological and environmental mechanisms.
The Crucial Role of Rehabilitation Teams
Emphasizing the importance of multidisciplinary teams, she remarked: Managing autism is a team process that requires collaboration among speech-language pathologists, occupational therapists, and psychologists. While speech therapists focus on developing communication skills and functional language, occupational therapists assist with sensory regulation and independence in activities of daily living (ADLs), and psychologists are responsible for managing challenging behaviors and promoting emotional well-being. We must not overlook the role of rehabilitation teams in autism management.
In conclusion, Dr. Alibeygi noted: In recent years, scientific research focus has shifted from traditional approaches toward 'evidence-based practice' and attention to 'quality of life' indicators. Success in autism rehabilitation depends on timely diagnosis, parent training, and continuity of specialized services, enabling individuals with autism to participate more effectively in society by relying on their own strengths.
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